1. Chapter 1 Introduction to XQuery

   1. What Is XQuery?

   2. Easing into XQuery

   3. Path Expressions

   4. FLWORs

   5. Adding XML Elements and Attributes

   6. Functions

   7. Joins

   8. Aggregating and Grouping Values

2. Chapter 2 XQuery Foundations

   1. The Design of the XQuery Language

   2. XQuery in Context

   3. Processing Queries

   4. The XQuery Data Model

   5. Types

   6. Namespaces

3. Chapter 3 Expressions: XQuery Building Blocks

   1. Categories of Expressions

   2. Keywords and Names

   3. Whitespace in Queries

   4. Literals

   5. Variables

   6. Function Calls

   7. Comments

   8. Evaluation Order and Parentheses

   9. Comparison Expressions

   10. Conditional (if-then-else) Expressions

   11. Logical (and/or) Expressions

4. Chapter 4 Navigating Input Documents Using Paths

   1. Path Expressions

   2. Predicates

   3. Dynamic Paths

   4. Input Documents

   5. A Closer Look at Context

5. Chapter 5 Adding Elements and Attributes to Results

   1. Including Elements and Attributes from the Input Document

   2. Direct Element Constructors

   3. Computed Constructors

6. Chapter 6 Selecting and Joining Using FLWORs

   1. Selecting with Path Expressions

   2. FLWOR Expressions

   3. Quantified Expressions

   4. Selecting Distinct Values

   5. Joins

7. Chapter 7 Sorting and Grouping

   1. Sorting in XQuery

   2. Grouping

   3. Aggregating Values

8. Chapter 8 Functions

   1. Built-in Versus User-Def ined Functions

   2. Calling Functions

   3. User-Defined Functions

9. Chapter 9 Advanced Queries

   1. Copying Input Elements with Modifications

   2. Working with Positions and Sequence Numbers

   3. Combining Results

   4. Using Intermediate XML Documents

10. Chapter 10 Namespaces and XQuery

    1. XML Namespaces

    2. Namespaces and XQuery

    3. Namespace Declarations in Queries

    4. Controlling Namespace Declarations in Your Results

11. Chapter 11 A Closer Look at Types

    1. The XQuery Type System

    2. The Built-in Types

    3. Types, Nodes, and Atomic Values

    4. Type Checking in XQuery

    5. Automatic Type Conversions

    6. Sequence Types

    7. Constructors and Casting

12. Chapter 12 Queries, Prologs, and Modules

    1. Structure of a Query: Prolog and Body

    2. Assembling Queries from Multiple Modules

    3. Variable Declarations

    4. Declaring External Functions

13. Chapter 13 Using Schemas with XQuery

    1. What Is a Schema?

    2. Why Use Schemas with Queries?

    3. W3C XML Schema: A Brief Overview

    4. In-Scope Schema Definitions

    5. Schema Validation and Type Assignment

    6. Sequence Types and Schemas

14. Chapter 14 Static Typing

    1. What Is Static Typing?

    2. The Typeswitch Expression

    3. The Treat Expression

    4. Type Declarations

    5. The zero-or-one, one-or-more, and exactly-one Functions

15. Chapter 15 Principles of Query Design

    1. Query Design Goals

    2. Clarity

    3. Modularity

    4. Robustness

    5. Error Handling

    6. Performance

16. Chapter 16 Working with Numbers

    1. The Numeric Types

    2. Constructing Numeric Values

    3. Comparing Numeric Values

    4. Arithmetic Operations

    5. Functions on Numbers

17. Chapter 17 Working with Strings

    1. The xs:string Type

    2. Constructing Strings

    3. Comparing Strings

    4. Substrings

    5. Finding the Length of a String

    6. Concatenating and Splitting Strings

    7. Manipulating Strings

    8. Whitespace and Strings

    9. Internationalization Considerations

18. Chapter 18 Regular Expressions

    1. The Structure of a Regular Expression

    2. Representing Individual Characters

    3. Representing Any Character

    4. Representing Groups of Characters

    5. Character Class Expressions

    6. Reluctant Quantifiers

    7. Anchors

    8. Back-References

    9. Using Flags

    10. Using Sub-Expressions with Replacement Variables

19. Chapter 19 Working with Dates, Times, and Durations

    1. The Date and Time Types

    2. The Duration Types

    3. Extracting Components of Dates, Times, and Durations

    4. Using Arithmetic Operators on Dates, Times, and Durations

    5. The Date Component Types

20. Chapter 20 Working with Qualified Names, URIs, and IDs

    1. Working with Qualified Names

    2. Working with URIs

    3. Working with IDs

21. Chapter 21 Working with Other XML Components

    1. XML Comments

    2. Processing Instructions

    3. Documents

    4. Text Nodes

    5. XML Entity and Character References

    6. CDATA Sections

22. Chapter 22 Additional XQuery-Related Standards

    1. Serialization

    2. XQueryX

    3. XQuery Update Facility

    4. Full-Text Search

    5. XQuery API for Java (XQJ)

23. Chapter 23 Implementation-Specific Features

    1. Conformance

    2. XML Version Support

    3. Setting the Query Context

    4. Option Declarations and Extension Expressions

    5. Specifying Serialization Parameters

24. Chapter 24 XQuery for SQL Users

    1. Relational Versus XML Data Models

    2. Comparing SQL Syntax with XQuery Syntax

    3. Combining SQL and XQuery

    4. SQL/XML

25. Chapter 25 XQuery for XSLT Users

    1. XQuery and XPath

    2. XQuery Versus XSLT

    3. Differences Between XQuery 1.0/XPath 2.0 and XPath 1.0

1. Appendix A Built-in Function Reference

2. Appendix B Built-in Types

   1. xs:anyAtomicType

   2. xs:anyType

   3. xs:anyURI

   4. xs:base64Binary

   5. xs:boolean

   6. xs:byte

   7. xs:date

   8. xs:dateTime

   9. xs:dayTimeDuration

   10. xs:decimal

   11. xs:double

   12. xs:duration

   13. xs:ENTITIES

   14. xs:ENTITY

   15. xs:float

   16. xs:gDay

   17. xs:gMonth

   18. xs:gMonthDay

   19. xs:gYear

   20. xs:gYearMonth

   21. xs:hexBinary

   22. xs:ID

   23. xs:IDREF

   24. xs:IDREFS

   25. xs:int

   26. xs:integer

   27. xs:language

   28. xs:long

   29. xs:Name

   30. xs:NCName

   31. xs:negativeInteger

   32. xs:NMTOKEN

   33. xs:NMTOKENS

   34. xs:nonNegativeInteger

   35. xs:nonPositiveInteger

   36. xs:normalizedString

   37. xs:NOTATION

   38. xs:positiveInteger

   39. xs:QName

   40. xs:short

   41. xs:string

   42. xs:time

   43. xs:token

   44. xs:unsignedByte

   45. xs:unsignedInt

   46. xs:unsignedLong

   47. xs:unsignedShort

   48. xs:untyped

   49. xs:untypedAtomic

   50. xs:yearMonthDuration

3. Appendix C Error Summary

   1. FOAR0001

   2. FOAR0002

   3. FOCA0001

   4. FOCA0002

   5. FOCA0003

   6. FOCA0005

   7. FOCA0006

   8. FOCH0001

   9. FOCH0002

   10. FOCH0003

   11. FOCH0004

   12. FODC0001

   13. FODC0002

   14. FODC0003

   15. FODC0004

   16. FODC0005

   17. FODT0001

   18. FODT0002

   19. FODT0003

   20. FOER0000

   21. FONS0004

   22. FONS0005

   23. FORG0001

   24. FORG0002

   25. FORG0003

   26. FORG0004

   27. FORG0005

   28. FORG0006

   29. FORG0008

   30. FORG0009

   31. FORX0001

   32. FORX0002

   33. FORX0003

   34. FORX0004

   35. FOTY0012

   36. SENR0001

   37. SEPM0004

   38. SEPM0009

   39. SEPM0010

   40. SEPM0016

   41. SERE0003

   42. SERE0005

   43. SERE0006

   44. SERE0008

   45. SERE0012

   46. SERE0014

   47. SERE0015

   48. SESU0007

   49. SESU0011

   50. SESU0013

   51. XPDY0002

   52. XPDY0050

   53. XPST0001

   54. XPST0003

   55. XPST0005

   56. XPST0008

   57. XPST0010

   58. XPST0017

   59. XPST0051

   60. XPST0080

   61. XPST0081

   62. XPTY0004

   63. XPTY0018

   64. XPTY0019

   65. XPTY0020

   66. XQDY0025

   67. XQDY0026

   68. XQDY0027

   69. XQDY0041

   70. XQDY0044

   71. XQDY0061

   72. XQDY0064

   73. XQDY0072

   74. XQDY0074

   75. XQDY0084

   76. XQDY0091

   77. XQDY0092

   78. XQST0009

   79. XQST0012

   80. XQST0013

   81. XQST0016

   82. XQST0022

   83. XQST0031

   84. XQST0032

   85. XQST0033

   86. XQST0034

   87. XQST0035

   88. XQST0036

   89. XQST0038

   90. XQST0039

   91. XQST0040

   92. XQST0045

   93. XQST0046

   94. XQST0047

   95. XQST0048

   96. XQST0049

   97. XQST0054

   98. XQST0055

   99. XQST0057

   100. XQST0058

   101. XQST0059

   102. XQST0060

   103. XQST0065

   104. XQST0066

   105. XQST0067

   106. XQST0068

   107. XQST0069

   108. XQST0070

   109. XQST0071

   110. XQST0073

   111. XQST0075

   112. XQST0076

   113. XQST0079

   114. XQST0085

   115. XQST0087

   116. XQST0088

   117. XQST0089

   118. XQST0090

   119. XQST0093

   120. XQTY0024

   121. XQTY0030

   122. XQTY0086

4. About the Author

5. Colophon

The animal on the cover of XQuery is the satyr tragopan (Tragopan satyra), a member of the pheasant family and one of five tragopan species. This bird, sometimes called the crimson horned tragopan, inhabits the Himalayas, from Kashmir east up into Tibet and central China. Its two names are derived from the distinctive appearance of the male--his protruding fleshy outgrowths above the eyes, which look like horns, and his bright red plumage. Both plumage and horns are central to his courtship displays.

Tragopans feed on insects, leaves, sprouts, and seeds and are thought to be monogamous. Although incubation is done entirely by the female, the male may assist in tending the chicks. Most tragopans are good breeders in captivity, adapting well to various cold-weather climates and becoming quite tame.

Four of the five species of tragopans are in danger of extinction due to the destruction of their habitats. Unlike most fowl, tragopans live at very high elevations, ranging from 925 to 3650 meters. In the winter they are typically found in the thickest parts of pine trees, but during mating season they travel upward to the extreme limits of the forest. Finding a high branch, the male tragopan establishes a territorial perch from which he makes mating calls at five-minute intervals. His call, which some have described as similar to that of a goose or young lamb, can be heard for more than a mile.