March 2001
Pages: 462
Cover | Table of Contents | Index | Sample Chapter | Colophon
Index
[ A ], [ B ], [ C ], [ D ], [ E ], [ F ], [ G ], [ H ], [ I ], [ J ], [ K ], [ L ], [ M ], [ N ], [ O ], [ P ], [ Q ], [ R ], [ S ], [ T ], [ U ], [ V ], [ W ], [ Z ]
A[ Top ]
accents, 37
acrophony, 20
aggregates
logical, 23
alphabets, 47, 421
Arabic, 32
Cyrillic, 41
evolution of, 21
Greek, 37
Hebrew, 35
Latin, 39
Phoenician, 20
(see also writing systems)
ancient writing systems, 17-22
cuneiform, 17
demotic, 18
hieratic, 18
hieroglyphic, 18
Phoenician writing, 20-22
APIs
supporting complex text, 213-215
applets, 77, 318-321
deploying resource bundles with, 88-90
in internationalized web applications, 318-321
using servlets to control locale, 330-332
applications
parts to internationalize, 4
appropriate locale names, 60
Arabic script, 31-35
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) characters, 140, 421
assumptions (see culturally biased assumptions)
AttributedCharacterIterator class, 391
AttributedCharacterIterator.Attribute class, 392
B[ Top ]
backward compatibility
font alias mapping for, 224
base characters, 157, 421
bias (see culturally biased assumptions)
bidirectional text (BIDI), 31-36, 48, 235, 239, 240, 243-249, 421
Arabic script, 31-35
Hebrew script, 35, 154, 155
bit patterns and
UTF-8 encoding ranges, 161
Bookstore (see O'Reilly Bookstore Example)
bopomofo (see Zhuyin)
boundary detection, 193-198
boustrophedon, 36, 421
Boyer-Moore search algorithm, 193
BreakIterator class, 392
bright fonts, 216
bytes
making assumptions about, 8
C[ Top ]
Calendar class, 107, 406-408
AM_PM field, 109
DAY_OF_WEEK field, 110
ERA field, 110
manipulating fields via the add method, 111
calendar systems, 105-112
Japanese Emperor, 106
canonical decomposition, 179
CaretPolicy class, 382
case, 149-152
(see also titlecase characters; upper- and lowercase letters)
Character class, 146, 147, 387-389
character conversion, 226
character converter framework, 355
character encoding, 143, 421
conversion utility for, 165
extended, 368-372
for resource bundles, 82
supported by Java, 367-372
character glyphs, 202
character sets, 139-143
ASCII, 140
ISO 8859 series, 141
multibyte code sets, 143
for text input, 228
character simplification, 25
CharacterIterator class, 393
characters, 200, 421
blocks of, 146
boundaries between, 195-197
dynamic composition, 158
versus glyphs, 148
half-width versus full-width, 179
making assumptions about, 8
nonunified, 155
with numeric values, 152
sixteen-bit, 147
(see also base characters; combining characters; composed characters; precomposed characters)
Character.Subset class, 389
Character.UnicodeBlock class, 146, 147, 389-391
Chinese characters
combinations of, 23
compound, 24
simple, 22
simplified versus traditional, 25
text layout of, 24
Chinese transliteration methods, 25-27
ChoiceFormat class, 394
choseong, 31, 421
(see also jamo; jongseong; jungeong)
CJK (Chinese, Japanese, and Korean), 421
code sets, 143, 156
(see also Han Unification)
client component, 285
code elements, 157, 422
code points, 140, 422
code set conversion, 162-169
deprecated functionality, 168
file I/O conversion, 163-166
string conversion, 166-168
sun.io package, 169
coded character sets, 140, 422
CJK, 143
multibyte, 143
collation
appending rules, 182-184
handling expansion, 185
ignorable characters, 186
modifiers, 186
tailoring, 181-187
collation elements, 187, 422
collation sequencing, 12
CollationElementIterator class, 190-193, 394
CollationKey class, 187-189, 395
Collator class, 174-176, 396
decomposition, 178-181
sorting strings using, 175
strength, 176-178
color
in internationalized graphical user interfaces, 242
combination
of diacritics, 157
of input and output, 165
combining characters, 157-159, 422
common locales
using constants, 54-56
comparison
effects of decomposition on, 180
of strings, 185
compatibility characters
in presentation forms, 160
complex fonts, 202
complex text
components for rendering, 207-216
enhanced, 354
font size in, 216
support for, 208-213
component orientation, 243-249, 354
querying, 245
setting for an entire application, 246-249
component orientation property, 247, 422
(see also bidirectional text)
component orientation support
layout managers without, 261
ComponentOrientation class, 243, 377
composed characters, 422
composition, 281, 422
dynamic, 157
compound ideographs, 23
consonants and vowels
assumptions regarding, 8
constant locale objects
outputting numbers using, 55
constant locales
in Locale Class, 54
constructor for Locale class
two-argument, 51
conversion
code set, 162-169
file I/O, 163-166
string, 166-168
convertibility, 160
copying, cutting, and pasting international text, 262-267
within an application, 262-264
between applications, 264-267
country codes, 53, 357-366
country names
displaying information about, 57
querying for, 57
culturally biased assumptions
A-Z, 7
characters equivalent to bytes, 8
Gregorian calendar system, 8
punctuation remaining the same, 8
sort order same for languages sharing common script, 8
text written left to right, 8
upper- and lowercase letters, 7
words having consonants and vowels, 8
words separated by spaces, 7
cuneiform writing, 17
currency symbols and placement, 118-120
cursive glyph shaping
context-dependent, 47
cutting (see copying, cutting, and pasting international text)
Cyrillic script, 40-42
alphabets, 41
Montenegrin letters in, 42
D[ Top ]
dagesh, 36, 422
dakuten, 28
DataInputStream, 168
Date class, 95
date formats, 100-105
around the world, 94
calendar systems, 105-112
inserted into a pattern string, 133
parsing, 99
DateFormat class, 95-99, 396-398
DateFormatSymbols class, 103-105, 398
array contents for, 103
to change era acronyms, 104
daylight saving time, 113, 422
days of the week, 12, 50
first, 12, 110
decimal separators, 116
DecimalFormat class, 123-125, 399, 400
DecimalFormatSymbols class, 125-128, 400
modifying values on, 126
parameters modified with, 126
patterns of, 124
decomposition, 178, 422
canonical, 179
collator, 178-181
effects on comparison, 180
full, 179
default character information, 225
demotic writing, 18
deprecated methods
java.util.Date, 95
java.io.DataInputStream, 168
java.lang.Runtime, 169
design principles of Unicode, 147-161
case, 149-152
characters versus glyphs, 148
compatibility characters and presentation forms, 160
convertibility, 160
directionality, 153
dynamic composition, 157
equivalence sequence, 159
full encoding, 147
icons and symbols, 236-240
letters, 153
logical order, 154
mirrored, 153
numeric value, 152
plain text, 153
semantics, 149
sixteen-bit characters, 147
unification, 155-157
dfoos script, 36
diacritics, 26, 28, 34, 48, 422
combining, 157
diaeresis, 159, 422
directionality, 153, 213
dynamic composition, 157
E[ Top ]
editable JComboBox, 257
encoding methods, 143-145, 422
full, 147
(see also character encoding)
enhanced support for complex text, 208-213
Graphics.drawString(), 208
JTextComponent, 209-213
equivalence sequence, 159
in precomposed characters, 159
exclusion range information, 227
expansion, 172
handling, 185
extended character encodings, 368-372
F[ Top ]
FieldPosition class, 401
file I/O conversion, 163-166
combining input and output together, 165
using java.io.InputStreamReader, 163
using java.io.OutputStreamWriter, 164
fine-grained specification, 54
first day of the week, 12, 110
FlowLayout class, 260
Font class, 203-207, 378
obtaining fonts, 204
retrieving font name information, 205
utility methods, 206
font.properties file, 221-229
character conversion information, 226
character set for text input, 228
default character information, 225
discovery of, 229
exclusion range information, 227
font alias mapping for backward compatibility, 224
font filenames mapping, 224
logical font mapping, 222-224
font-related bug
in Java Runtime Environment, 219
fonts, 201-203, 422
adding to your system, 229-232
alias mapping for backward compatibility, 224
complex and simple, 202
mapping filenames, 224
mapping tables, 202
marks, 202
physical and logical, 220
size in complex text, 216
(see also glyphs)
Format class, 401-403
formatting messages, 93-137
date and time formats, 93-116
message formats, 128-137
number formats, 116-128
full decomposition, 179
full encoding, 147
full-width characters, 179
functionality
deprecated, 168
future enhancements to internationalization support in Java, 351-356
character converter framework, 355
enhanced complex text, 354
improving the input method framework, 356
Unicode 3.0 support, 351-353
G[ Top ]
G11N (see globalization)
getDateTimeInstance()
styles with, 96
Global IMEs, 282
globalization (G11N), 9, 422
glyphs, 200, 422
character, 148, 202
context-dependent shaping, 47
unified characters requiring different, 156
GMT (Greenwich mean time), 97, 422
Graphics.drawString(), 208
GraphicsEnvironment class, 380
Greek script, 36-38
GregorianCalendar class, 408
making assumptions about, 8
group separators, 116
guillemet, 422
H[ Top ]
half-width characters, 179
Han Unification, 157, 422
handakuten, 28
Hangul, 29-31, 422
detecting text boundaries in, 196
(see also jamo)
hànzì, 22, 423
Hebrew alphabet, 35
hieratic writing, 18
hieroglyphic writing, 18
highlights, 210
high surrogate, 148, 423
hiragana, 27, 423
syllabary, 28
I[ Top ]
I18N (see internationalization)
IBM, x, 11
icon design issues, 236-240
ideographs, 423
compound, 23
ignorable characters, 186
sorting, 187
images
inappropriate, 237-240
IME (Input Method Editor), 281-315, 423
indexOf
replacement for String.indexOf, 190
Indic scripts, 43
initial state, 303
input
checking for valid, 3
Input Method Editor (see IME)
Input Method Engine Service Provider Interface (see SPI)
input method framework
improving, 356
input methods, 281-315
Java Input Method Framework, 283-285
more complex, 298-315
packaging and installing, 296
selecting, 285
simpler, 290-296
using the Input Method Engine SPI, 285-290
input values
combined with pattern and locale, 125
InputContext class, 382
InputMethod class, 289, 306-315, 384
InputMethodContext class, 385
InputMethodDescriptor class, 286-288, 301, 386
InputMethodHighlight class, 383
InputMethodRequests class, 383
InputStreamReader class, 163, 386
InputSubset class, 384
installed extension, 296
directory, 297
international text
copying, cutting, and pasting, 262-267
internationalization (I18N), ix, 1-15, 6, 423
choosing Java for, 10
culturally biased assumptions, 7-9
customized localization, 6
enhancements across versions of JDK, 415-419
future enhancements to support in Java, 351-356
globalization, 2-4, 9
locales, 12
localization, 9
multilingual applications, 10
planning ahead, 4-6
simple application, 13-15
software industry, 2
internationalized graphical user interfaces, 233-279
color, 242
component orientation, 243-249
copying, cutting, and pasting international text, 262-267
icon and symbol design issues, 236-240
internationalization and localization caveats for various components, 249-260
names, 241
phone numbers, 240
screen layout, 235
simple example, 268-279
text issues, 234
using a layout manager, 260-262
internationalized web applications, 317-349
applets, 318-321
JavaServer Pages, 334-349
servlets, 321-334
ISO-639 language codes
printing out, 56
standard, 52
table of, 357-359
ISO-3166 country codes, 53
printing out, 56
table of, 359-366
ISO-8859 series, 141, 327
isolation of locale-specific data with resource bundles, 63-91
deploying resource bundles with applets, 88-90
design considerations for resource bundles, 90
discovery and naming of resource bundles, 67-73
list resource bundles, 75-82
property resource bundles, 74
resource bundle caveats, 82-88
ResourceBundle class, 64-67
using resource bundles, 63
J[ Top ]
jamo, 30, 423
Japanese Emperor calendar eras, 106
Japanese writing systems, 27-29
JAR (JavaARchive) files, 88-90
Java
choosing for internationalization, 10
future enhancements to the internationalization support in, 351-356
Java Input Method Engine SPI, 284
Java Input Method Framework, 283-285
Java Runtime Environment, 169
font-related bug in, 219
java.awt package, 377-380
java.awt.ComponentOrientation, 377
java.awt.Font, 203-207, 378
font class utility methods, 206
obtaining fonts, 204
retrieving font name information, 205
java.awt.font package, 380-382
java.awt.font.TextAttribute, 392
java.awt.font.TextLayout, 380
java.awt.font.TextLayout.CaretPolicy, 382
java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment, 380
java.awt.im package, 382-384
java.awt.im.InputContext, 382
java.awt.im.InputMethodHighlight, 383
java.awt.im.InputMethodRequests, 383
java.awt.im.InputSubset, 384, 389
java.awt.im.spi package, 384-386
java.awt.im.spi.InputMethod, 289, 384
java.awt.im.spi.InputMethodContext, 385
java.awt.im.spi.InputMethodDescriptor, 286-288, 301, 386
java.io package, 386
java.io.DataInputStream
deprecated method, 168
java.io.FileReader, 386
java.io.InputStreamReader, 163, 386
java.io.OutputStreamWriter, 164, 387
java.io.Reader, 386
java.io.Writer, 387
java.lang package, 387-391
java.lang.Character, 387
java.lang.Character.Subset, 384, 389
java.lang.Character.UnicodeBlock, 389
java.lang.Object, 377, 380, 382, 387, 389, 392, 394-396, 398, 400, 404, 406, 410, 413
java.lang.Runtime
deprecated methods, 169
JavaServer Pages (see JSPs)
java.text package, 391-406
java.text.AttributedCharacterIterator class, 391
java.text.AttributedCharacterIterator.Attribute, 392
java.text.BreakIterator, 392
java.text.CharacterIterator, 391, 393
java.text.ChoiceFormat, 394, 403
java.text.CollationElementIterator, 394
java.text.CollationKey, 395
java.text.Collator, 396, 404
java.text.DateFormat, 396, 401, 405
java.text.DateFormatSymbols, 398
java.text.DecimalFormat, 399, 403
java.text.DecimalFormatSymbols, 400
java.text.FieldPosition, 401
java.text.Format, 396, 401-403
java.text.MessageFormat, 401
java.text.NumberFormat, 394, 399, 401, 403
java.text.ParsePosition, 404
java.text.RuleBasedCollator, 396, 404
java.text.SimpleDateFormat, 397, 405
java.text.StringCharacterIterator, 393, 406
java.util package, 406-414
java.util.Calendar, 406
fields used by get() and set(), 109
month constants, 107
java.util.Date, 95
java.util.GregorianCalendar, 406, 408
java.util.ListResourceBundle, 409, 411
java.util.Locale, 410
java.util.PropertyResourceBundle, 411
java.util.ResourceBundle, 409, 411
java.util.SimpleTimeZone, 412
java.util.TimeZone, 412
javax.accessability.AccessibleResource-Bundle, 409
javax.swing.plaf.FontUIResource, 378
javax.swing.text.Segment, 393
JColorChooser, 253
JComboBox, 257-259
JFileChooser, 254-257
JIS encoding escape sequences, 144
Johab character set, 31
jongseong, 31, 423
JOptionPane, 249-253
joyo kanji, 27, 139
JSPs (JavaServer Pages), 334-340
elements and scriptlets, 334
internationalized web applications, 334-349
servlets to negotiate pages, 336
JTextComponent, 209-213
jungeong, 31, 423
K[ Top ]
kana, 27, 423
kanji, 423
adopted by Japanese, 27
joyo, 27, 139
katakana, 27, 423
syllabary, 28
kokuji, 27, 423
Korean writing systems, 29-31
kteev script, 36
Kufic script, 33
L[ Top ]
L10N (see localization)
language codes, 52, 357-366
language names
displaying information about, 58
querying for, 58
language preferences
changing, 325
languages
treating identically across all locales, 5
Latin alphabets, 38-40
Montenegrin letters in, 42
layout managers, 260-262
without component orientation support, 261
left-to-right text, 48
making assumptions about, 8
legacy encoding methods
converting to Unicode, 166
letters, 153
levels of Thai script, 46
ligatures, 33, 201, 423
context-dependent, 47
line boundaries, 197
list resource bundles, 75-82
ListResourceBundle class, 76, 409-411
localizing arbitrary data types within, 81
PropertyToListResourceBundle utility, 88
Locale class, 410
locale constructors, 51
two-argument, 51
locales, 12, 49-61, 423
checking available, 61
collation sequencing, 12
combined with input value and pattern, 125
days of week, 12
determining orientation properties for, 243
first day of the week, 12
in Java, 12
names of the months, 12
querying for locale information, 56-60
sort order, 12
specifying on command line, 15
time zone information, 12
treating languages identically across all, 5
working with the locale class, 50-56
locale-sensitive objects and methods, 12, 423
locale-specific data
conventions and formatting, 269-276
isolating with resource bundles, 63-91
localization (L10N), x, 9, 423
customized, 6
localized properties files
for various swing components, 259
logical aggregates, 23
logical fonts, 221
mapping, 222-224
logical highlighting, 210
of bidirectional text, 213
logical order, 154, 210, 424
(see also visual order)
lookup
resource bundle, 84-88
window state, 303
lowercase letters, 7, 38, 149-151 (see upper- and lowercase letters)
low surrogate, 148, 424
M[ Top ]
markets to target, 4
marks, 202
nonspacing, 157
menu strings
in different languages, 234
message formats
text fragmentation in, 129-131
MessageFormat class, 131-137, 401
parameter values, 135
program reusing object, 134
methods
complex input, 298-315
deprecated, 168
encoding, 143-145, 161, 167, 422
input, 281-315
Microsoft Office 97
supported locales for, 7
Microsoft Office 2000
supporting many locales with one binary, 7
Microsoft's Global IMEs, 282
minuscules, 38
mirrored design, 153
modal encoding methods, 144
modifiers, 186
Montenegrin letters, 42
multibyte code sets, 143
multilingual applications of internationalization, 10
N[ Top ]
Naskh script, 33
names
in internationalized graphical user interfaces, 241
of months, 12
Nastaliq script, 33
National Phonetic System (see Zhuyin)
negative numbers, 117
nekudot, 36, 424
noncoded character sets, 140, 424
nonmodal encoding methods, 144
nonspacing marks, 157
stacking, 158
nonunified characters, 155
Han, 156
normalization, 424
number formats
currency symbols and placement, 118-120
group and decimal separators, 116
in Java, 120-128
negative numbers, 117
numeric shapes, 116
parsing numbers, 122
percentage symbol and placement, 120
using DecimalFormat symbols, 125-128
using the DecimalFormat class, 123-125
NumberFormat class, 117, 403
numeric data
characters with, 152
inserted into a pattern string, 133
numeric shapes, 116
numeric value, 152
nuqat, 31, 424
O[ Top ]
order (see logical order; visual order)
O'Reilly Bookstore Example, 340-349
orientation, 29
component, 243-249, 354
output of numbers
using constant locale objects, 55
OutputStreamWriter class, 164, 387
P[ Top ]
papyrus, 18
parameterized patterns, 135-137
ParsePosition class, 404
parsing
dates, 99
numbers, 122
pasting (see copying, cutting, and pasting international text)
pattern strings
combined with input value and locale, 125
date formats inserted into, 133
patterns
symbol occurrences in, 101
percentage symbol and placement, 120
performance
improving, 187-189
Phoenician writing, 20-22
phone numbers
in internationalized graphical user interfaces, 240
physical fonts, 220
pictographs, 18, 424
Pinyin, 25, 424
plain text, 153
plans for internationalization, 4-6
choosing appropriate translators, 5
markets to target, 4
parts of the application to be internationalized, 4
treating a specific language identically across all locales, 5
positional glyph shaping
context-dependent, 47
Postscript name
displaying, 206
precomposed characters, 424
versus decomposed, 178
equivalent sequence, 159
program identifiers, 82
programmers
quick reference for, 377-414
properties files, 74
in various languages, 277-279
where values span more than one line, 75
property resource bundles, 74, 83
PropertyResourceBundle class, 411
PropertyToListResourceBundle utility, 86
punctuation, 48
assumptions regarding, 8
R[ Top ]
radicals, 23, 424
readings
multiple, 27
rendering
complex text, 207-216
forms, 202
resource bundle caveats
character encoding, 82
lookup, 84-88
property, 83
selective localization, 82
resource bundles
containing externalized text, 14
deploying with applets, 88-90
design considerations for, 90
discovery and naming of, 67-73
fallback, 72
French, 72, 79
German, 78-80
hierarchy of using packages, 69
HTML, 79
isolating locale-specific data with, 63-91
replicating keys and values in, 71
proper retrieval of, 70
using, 63
ResourceBundle class, 63-67, 411
containing warning messages, 129, 131, 133
retrieval
of font name information, 205
right-to-left text (see bidirectional text)
romaji, 28, 424
round-trip conversion, 424
RuleBasedCollator class, 404
S[ Top ]
sans fonts, 217
screen layout
in internationalized graphical user interfaces, 235
scriptlets
JSP, 334
scripts, 2, 47
alphabetic, 47
ideographic, 47
syllabic, 47
(see also writing systems)
searches, 189-193
segmentation, 193
semantics, 149
sentence boundaries, 197
separators
decimal, 116
group, 116
making assumptions about, 7
word, 7, 48
sequence equivalence, 159
ServletRequest interface
changes in Servlet 2.2 API, 324, 325
ServletResponse interface
changes in Servlet 2.2 API, 326-330
servlets, 321-334
changes to the servlet API for internationalization, 323-330
keeping track of a user's locale preference, 332-334
to negotiate a locale-specific JSP page, 336
using servlets to control an applet's locale, 330-332
simple fonts, 202
Simple Input Method, 290-296
SimpleDateFormat class, 100-103, 405
checking available locales on, 61
sample code for, 101
SimpleTimeZone class, 114, 412
simplified Chinese characters
versus traditional, 25, 424
sixteen-bit characters, 147
software industry
internationalization within, 2
sort capability, 175
adding traditional Spanish, 183
collator decomposition, 178-181
collator strength, 176-178
ignorable characters, 187
in Java, 174-181
using CollationKeys, 175, 189
sort order, 12
assumptions for languages sharing common script, 8
source set separation, 156
South and South East Asian scripts, 354
spaces (see separators)
spelling differences
between U.S. and U.K. English, 6
SPI (Input Method Engine Service Provider Interface), 283, 285-290
stacking nonspacing marks, 158
standard time, 113, 424
(see also daylight saving time)
string conversion, 166-168
converting legacy encoding methods to Unicode, 166
converting Unicode to legacy encoding methods, 167
StringCharacterIterator class, 406
String.indexOf
replacement for, 190
strokes, 22-24, 424
summer time (see daylight saving time)
surrogate pairs, 353, 424
(see also high surrogate; low surrogate)
swing components
localized properties files for various, 259
syllabaries, 27, 424
symbol design issues, 236-240
symbol occurrences in patterns
combined with locales, 102
rules for, 101
T[ Top ]
tables
of ISO-639 language codes, 357-359
of ISO-3166 country codes, 359-366
test resource bundle, 88
text boundary detection, 193-198
character boundaries, 195-197
in Hangul, 196
line boundaries, 197
sentence boundaries, 197
word boundaries, 197
text direction, 48
bidirectional, 48
left to right, 8, 48
vertical, 48
text fragmentation, 129-131
text input
character set for, 228
text rendering
fonts, 199-232
in internationalized graphical user interfaces, 234
TextAttribute class, 392
TextLayout class, 380
rendering complex text, 214
rendering multiline, bidirectional text, 215
Thai script, 44-46
four levels of, 46
time formats, 100-105
symbols for, 100
time zones, 12, 112-116
TimeZone class, 105, 114-116, 412-414
titlecase characters, 151, 424
traditional Chinese characters
versus simplified, 25, 424
translation, 424
choosing appropriate translators, 5
transliteration, 25-27, 303, 424
TrueType fonts
support in Java, 216-219
typewriter fonts, 217
U[ Top ]
UCS (Universal Character Set), 425
UCS-2 encoding, 162, 425
umlaut, 425
(see also diaeresis)
Unicode, 145-161, 425
Character Blocks in, 146, 373-375
converting to legacy encoding methods, 167
design principles, 147-161
encoding methods, 161
support for 3.0, 351-353
unification, 155-157
of characters requiring different glyphs, 156
upper- and lowercase letters, 7, 38, 149-151
making assumptions about, 7
user's locale preference
keeping track of, 332-334
user's session object
storing locale in, 333
UTC (universal time coordinate), 425
(see also GMT)
UTF-8 (Unicode Transformation Format), 425
encoding example, 162
encoding ranges and bit patterns, 161
V[ Top ]
valid input
checking for, 3
variant names
displaying information about, 59
querying for, 59
vertical text, 48
visual highlighting, 210
visual order, 210, 425
(see also logical order)
vocabulary differences
between U.S. and U.K. English, 6
vowels
making assumptions about, 8
W[ Top ]
Wade-Giles, 25
web applications
internationalized, 317-349
three-tier, 335
whitespace, 194
Windows Control Panel
changing regional settings 15, 320, 321
installing new font from, 230
word boundaries, 197
word separators, 48
words having consonants and vowels
making assumptions about, 8
words separated by spaces
making assumptions about, 7
writing systems, 17-48, 425
ancient writing systems, 17-22
bidirectional scripts, 31-36
Far East writing systems, 22-31
Greek, Latin, and Cyrillic, 36-42
Indic scripts, 43
punctuation, 46-48
Thai script, 44-46
WWW (World Wide Web), 1
(see also web applications)
Return to Java Internationalization
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