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PyMOTW: Creating XML Documents with ElementTree

By Doug Hellmann
March 21, 2010

In addition to its parsing capabilities, ElementTree also supports creating well-formed XML documents from Element objects constructed in your application.

PyMOTW: Parsing XML Documents with ElementTree

By Doug Hellmann
March 14, 2010

Python's xml.etree.ElementTree library makes it easy to use XML data in your application or library.

PyMOTW: tabnanny - Indentation validator

By Doug Hellmann
March 7, 2010

Consistent use of indentation is important in a langauge like Python, where white-space is significant. The tabnanny module provides a scanner to report on "ambiguous" use of indentation.

PyMOTW: cgitb - Detailed traceback reports

By Doug Hellmann
January 30, 2010

cgitb was originally designed for showing errors and debugging information in web applications. It was later updated to include plain-text output as well, but unfortunately wasn't renamed. This has lead to obscurity and the module is not used as often as it should be. Nonetheless, cgitb is a valuable debugging tool in the standard library.

PyMOTW: sys, Part 6: Low-level Thread Support

By Doug Hellmann
November 15, 2009

sys includes low-level functions for controlling and debugging thread behavior.

PyMOTW: sys, Part 5: Tracing Your Program As It Runs

By Doug Hellmann
November 8, 2009

There are two ways to inject code to watch your Python program run: tracing and profiling. They are similar, but intended for different purposes and so have different constraints. The easiest, but least efficient, way to monitor your program is through a trace hook, which can be used for writing a debugger, code coverage monitoring, or many other purposes.

PyMOTW: sys, Part 4: Exception Handling

By Doug Hellmann
November 1, 2009

sys includes features for trapping and working with exceptions.

PyMOTW: sys, Part 3: Memory Management and Limits

By Doug Hellmann
October 25, 2009

Python's sys module includes several functions for understanding and controlling memory usage.

PyMOTW: sys, Part 2: Runtime Environment

By Doug Hellmann
October 18, 2009

sys provides low-level APIs for interacting with the system outside of your application, by accepting command line arguments, accessing user input, and passing messages and status values to the user.

PyMOTW: sys, Part 1: Interpreter Settings

By Doug Hellmann
October 12, 2009

sys contains attributes and functions for accessing compile-time or runtime configuration settings for the interpreter.

PyMOTW: resource - System resource management

By Doug Hellmann
September 20, 2009

The functions in Python's resource module help you probe the current resources consumed by a process, and place limits on them to control how much load your program places on a system.

PyMOTW: fractions - Rational Numbers

By Doug Hellmann
September 5, 2009

Python's Fraction class implements numerical operations for rational numbers.

PyMOTW: decimal - Fixed and floating point math

By Doug Hellmann
August 30, 2009

The decimal module implements fixed and floating point arithmetic using the model familiar to most people, rather than the floating point representation implemented by most computer hardware.

PyMOTW: dis - Python Bytecode Disassembly

By Doug Hellmann
August 23, 2009

The dis module converts code objects to a human-readable representation of the bytecodes for analysis.

PyMOTW: pydoc - Online help for Python modules

By Doug Hellmann
August 9, 2009

The pydoc module imports a Python module and uses the contents to generate help text at runtime.

PyMOTW: In-Memory Data Structures

By Doug Hellmann
August 2, 2009

Python includes several standard programming data structures as built-in types (list, tuple, dictionary, and set). Most applications won't need any other structures, but when they do the standard library delivers.

PyMOTW: Text Processing Tools

By Doug Hellmann
July 27, 2009

Python's standard library includes a variety of tools for working with text data.

PyMOTW: urllib2

By Doug Hellmann
July 19, 2009

The urllib2 module provides an updated API for using internet resources identified by URLs. It is designed to be extended by individual applications to support new protocols or add variations to existing protocols (such as handling HTTP basic authentication).

PyMOTW: abc - abstract base classes

By Doug Hellmann
July 5, 2009

Define and use abstract base classes for API checks in your code using the abc module.

PyMOTW: pyclbr

By Doug Hellmann
June 28, 2009

pyclbr can scan Python source to find classes and stand-alone functions. The information about class, method, and function names and line numbers is gathered using tokenize without importing the code.

PyMOTW: robotparser

By Doug Hellmann
June 21, 2009

robotparser implements a parser for the robots.txt file format, including a simple function for checking if a given user agent can access a resource. It is intended for use in well-behaved spiders or other crawler applications that need to either be throttled or otherwise restricted.

PyMOTW: gettext

By Doug Hellmann
June 14, 2009

The gettext module provides an all-Python implementation compatible with the GNU gettext library for message translation and catalog management.

PyMOTW: json

By Doug Hellmann
May 24, 2009

The json module provides an API similar to pickle for converting in-memory Python objects to a serialized representation known as "JavaScript Object Notation".

PyMOTW: multiprocessing, part 2

By Doug Hellmann
April 28, 2009

Communication and synchronization techniques using multiprocessing in Python.

PyMOTW: multiprocessing, part 1

By Doug Hellmann
April 19, 2009

The multiprocessing module includes a relatively simple API for dividing work up between multiple processes based on the API for the threading module.

PyMOTW: pipes

By Doug Hellmann
April 5, 2009

The pipes module implements a class to create arbitrarily complex Unix command pipelines. Inputs and outputs of the commands can be chained together as with the shell | operator, even if the individual commands need to write to or read from files instead of stdin/stdout.

PyMOTW: asynchat

By Doug Hellmann
March 14, 2009

The asynchat module builds on asyncore to make it easier to implement protocols based on passing messages back and forth between server and client.

PyMOTW: asyncore

By Doug Hellmann
March 1, 2009

The asyncore module includes tools for working with I/O objects such as sockets so they can be managed asynchronously (instead of, for example, using threads).

PyMOTW: tarfile

By Doug Hellmann
February 22, 2009

The tarfile module provides read and write access to UNIX tar archives, including compressed files. In addition to the POSIX standards, several GNU tar extensions are supported.

PyMOTW: grp

By Doug Hellmann
February 15, 2009

The grp module can be used to read information about Unix groups from the group database (usually /etc/group).

PyMOTW: pwd

By Doug Hellmann
February 8, 2009

The pwd module can be used to read user information from the Unix password database (usually /etc/passwd).

Converting from Make to Paver

By Doug Hellmann
January 18, 2009

Paver is a useful alternative to make, especially for Python-based packages.

PyMOTW: compileall

By Doug Hellmann
January 18, 2009

The compileall module finds Python source files and compiles them to the byte-code representation, saving the results in .pyc or .pyo files.

PyMOTW: bz2

By Doug Hellmann
January 4, 2009

The bz2 module is an interface for the bzip2 library, used to compress data for storage or transmission.

PyMOTW: zlib

By Doug Hellmann
December 28, 2008

The zlib module provides a low-level interface to many of the functions in the zlib compression library from GNU.

PyMOTW: gzip

By Doug Hellmann
December 7, 2008

The gzip module provides a file-like interface to GNU zip files, using zlib to compress and uncompress the data.

PyMOTW: readline

By Doug Hellmann
November 30, 2008

readline – Interface to the GNU readline library Purpose:Provides an interface to the GNU readline library for interacting with the user at a command prompt. Python Version:1.4 and later The readline module can be used to enhance interactive command...

PyMOTW: array

By Doug Hellmann
November 10, 2008

The array module defines an efficient sequence data structure that works like a standard Python list.

PyMOTW: struct

By Doug Hellmann
November 2, 2008

struct – Working with Binary Data Purpose:Convert between strings and binary data. Python Version:1.4 and later The struct module includes functions for converting between strings of bytes and native Python data types such as numbers and strings. Functions vs....